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I'm working on a distro recommendation flowchart/ list for newcomers and need your input please! (Post is not only this picture btw and is mainly text)

We often get the same question with

"I'm new, what distro do you recommend?"

and I think we should make a list/ discussion on what is our pick for each person, and just link that post for them to give them an easy recommendation.

So I made a quick flow chart (will get polished as soon as I get your input) with my personal recommendations. It is on the bottom of the text, so you see the rest of the text here too.

I will also explain each distro in a few, short sentences and in what aspects they do differ and what makes them great.


Here are my "controversial" things I want to discuss with you first, as I don't want to spread nonsense:

Nobara

I don't know if we should recommend it as a good gaming distro. In my opinion, it's a highly insecure and experimental distro, made by one individual. I mean, sure, it gives you a slightly better experience ootb compared to vanilla Fedora, but:

  • As said, it's made by one single guy. If he decides to quit this project, many many people will just stop getting updates.
  • There are many security-things, especially SELinux, disabled.
  • It's severely outdated. Some security fixes take months until they arrive on Nobara.
  • It contains too many tweaks, especially kernel modifications and performance enhancers. Therefore, it might be less reliable.

I think, Bazzite is the way superior choice. It follows the same concept, but implements it in way better fashion:

  • Just as up-to-date as the normal Fedora, due to automatic GitHub build actions.
  • No burden of maintenence, either on the user or the dev side.
  • Fully intact security measures.
  • And much more.

Immutable distros

I'm a huge fan of them and think, that they are a perfect option for newcomers. They can't brick them, they update themselfes in the background, they take a lot of complexity compared to a traditional system, and much more. Especially uBlue and VanillaOS are already set up for you and "just work".
If you want to know more about image-based distros, I made a post about them btw :)

VanillaOS

It's the perfect counterpart for Mint imo. It follows the same principle (reliable, sane, easy to use, very noob friendly, etc.), but in a different way of achiving that.

The main problems are:

  • The team behind it isn't huge or well established yet, except for the development of Bottles.
  • They want to do many things their own way (own package manager, etc.) instead of just using established stuff.
  • The current release (V2, Orchid) is still in beta atm.

I see a huge potential in that particular distro, but don't know if I should recommend it at this point right now.

ZorinOS

I think, for people who don't like change, it's great, but it can be very outdated. What's your opinion on that distro? It looks very modern on the surface and is very noob friendly, but under the hood, very very old.

Pop!_OS

Same with that. Currently, there's only the LTS available, since System76 is currently very busy with their new DE. I don't know if we should recommend it anymore.


I made the list of recommendations relatively small on purpose, as it can be a bit overwhelming for noobs when they get a million recommendations with obscure distros.
Do you think that there are any distros missing or a bad recommendation?


116 comments
  • A few suggestions:

    • Start with a question of the user's technical proficiency. This is probably the biggest deciding factor for picking a distro, since some lean heavily toward technically-adept audiences and some are designed for people who've never used a computer before.
    • Include questions on device type, such as desktop/laptop. Using Linux on a laptop typically requires more research.
    • Instead of asking about Windows specifically, maybe ask "which OS are you most comfortable with?" with arrows for different versions of Windows, macOS, iOS, Android (and even Linux?).
    • Make every endpoint self-contained and unambiguous, with at least one concrete recommendation. Avoid vague statements like "use what you want", and avoid referring to other branches of the flowchart. If it makes sense to converge with other branches, use a labelled arrow to point to that branch instead (this will probably require curve support in your design tool to be legible).
    • Write each box in the form of a question, and label the arrows with answers to that question. I honestly have no idea how to read the "gaming focused" box because it has two bullet points and no indication of what each arrow means. I also can't tell how to read the "general purpose/gaming" box without reading down both paths. And why does the Bazzite box point to popOS? What does this mean? Clearer labels would help.
    • The red endpoints on the left could be in a single box, since they follow the same path. Alternatively, add more questions to that path to meaningfully differentiate each option. Same with the two clusters of blue endpoints on the right.
    • Be more explicit in the terms for use cases, since "general purpose" is a bit vague (I would consider gaming to fall under "general purpose", myself). You could have paths for e.g. "web browsing and office work", "gaming", "media creation", "software development or scientific computing". Some of these paths might converge later, and that's okay.
    • Move the "This is too complicated" box up top. It's funny and probably more useful there as a kind of "TL;DR". Since it's not related to Nvidia, its current placement is odd.
    • Thank you for your very valuable and helpful criticism!
      I like especially your "what OS are you the most comfortable with?"-question, that one is very great!

      The rest is also very well thought out, I will implement it as best as I can! :)

  • I think beginners spend too much time and effort on the "choose a distro" quest. Choosing a DE is far more important than that.

    • Just that you need a Distro packaging that DE. I chose KDE and never switched, but I hopped distros as they where either too old, or broken, or unstable.

      5.27 on Kinoite is pretty great though. Would recommend and I think Kubuntu etc. staying with it do the right thing.

      Plasma 6 works pretty well too though, so it was many many KDE problems. But as switching DE was no option, I hopped Distros.

  • I can't read some text on there, you should make the image have a background since, at least my browser (firefox) seems to default to white for PNGs

  • Debian and OpenSUSE Tumbleweed should be in there somewhere.

    • Do you think that those are great beginner distros?

      I think TW is a very good distro, but not specifically for beginners. In your opinion, what redeeming qualities does it have for that use case, compared to other, more well known distros out there? I especially think that the rolling release is not needed for the beginning.

      For Debian, same thing. I mean, especially since the newest release, it's definitely a better ootb-experience than it was before, BUT:

      • the installer (first impression) is very ugly and needlessly complicated
      • Zorin has a similar release schedule, but looks better by default (Debian is very vanilla) and has some very useful tools for beginners specifically.
      • Debian is relatively lean, which might be good for intermediate and advanced users, but for noobs, I quite like the idea of "bloat", aka a lot of pre-installed software.
      • Well, TBH I'm far from a distro hopper so I'll leave comparing install experiences to those who have experience with that.

        That said, Debian was the first distro I've hopped to from Conectiva, back in the late nineties / early aughts. So the Debian installer asks you for a few more questions. I don't think that's a big deal, and if the newbie thinks it is, perhaps they need some help installing any distro.

        The absolute stability of Debian is a great asset for a newcomer. I remember the absolute bliss and relief that everything just worked on it. Not like my previous experience with Linux and definitely not like Windows. This newfound stability emboldened me try new things - new DEs, new apps, everything! This is perfect for a newcomer. The only thing preventing me from getting more stuff was my dial up bills and my hard drive.

        I also chose Debian back then because of the restrictions of the DFSG. I wanted to have a completely free system and Debian delivers an awesome free system.

        Back to Tumbleweed. It's not your run of the mill rolling release. Their packages receive a lot more testing and it's considered a very stable distro for desktops. Like the other commenter said, the right integration with Btrfs snapshots is awesome. All package operations are preceded by an automatic snapshot. Recovering from a snafu is quick and painless. So, though a completely different route, it's also a great distro to try new stuff.

        Tumbleweed also has the advantage of OpenSUSE's philosophy of being able to configure everything graphically. Their YaST2 control panel is a great piece of software, if a little daunting.

        So, while I wouldn't say they are for everyone, I do say they are great beginner distros, for the right beginners. Debian for those that don't care for the newest version of programs and just want the system to always work (and want to get free from proprietary software as much as possible). Tumbleweed for those that do want the newest versions but want peace of mind and GUI configuration.

      • The Tumbleweed installer is beautiful, and straightforward. I am not sure how a newcomer would understand, or not, the partition setup if they need to keep windows and dual-boot ; if it's about to wipe the entire machine, it is one of the best, sleekest installers out there. Then package management can be a nightmare if you need to stray out of he beaten path unfortunately. Another argument for TW is the perfect integration of BTRFS, Snapper and Rollback (it is an opensuse project after all) ; I swear I'd still be on TW if it wasn't for some exotic software availabiity.

        To me, debian does bring bloat: LibreOffice comes to mind. A default install will feature calendars, mails, weather whatever.

  • What do you think about something like this? It's more of a "build your own sandwich" approach.

  • Here's a revised flowchart for you:

    • You need professional software like MS Word, Autodesk, Adobe, NI Circuit Design for collaboration with others > Stick with windows;
    • Any other case > Install Debian + GNOME + Software as Flatpaks. You'll get a rock solid system with the latest software;

    Done.

    • Word I think is the easiest to give up, there are other word processors that are at least as good, they're only "problem" is they aren't MS Word.

      • there are other word processors that are at least as good

        Their only problem is that this isn't true. :P LibreOffice and friends might work for quick jobs in isolation and whatnot but once you've to collaborate with others and use advanced features like macros it's game over.

        For what's worth LibreOffice can't even keep the default spacing on a bullet list consistent with what MS Word does and this is an issue if you share a document in works with someone else and then things appear in different places / pages.

  • I use Zorin OS for my laptop that's gotta be at least 15+ years but still kicking it. Outlasted the newer laptop I bought that was only 5 years old.

    As someone who is only mildly into tech, Zorin is certainly familiar and I would probably recommend it to people.

    I downloaded Gallium OS for my mom on her Chromebook, that's perhaps another important consideration to make...what laptop someone has.

  • ZorinOS

    I think, for people who don't like change, it's great, but it can be very outdated. What's your opinion on that distro? It looks very modern on the surface and is very noob friendly, but under the hood, very very old.

    It's great for people who have simple requirements and older hardware. Basically for folks who just want to use a PC for basic computing tasks like Web browsing, emails, document editing, printing/scanning etc. The thing about Zorin is that it uses a traditional UI/UX which is easily to navigate for non-technical people, and it's stable enough that you almost never run into any issues (assuming you're sticking with standard distro packages and config).

    My elderly parents have been using Zorin for several years now and they've never had a issue. The only time they called me was to help install their new printer last year (which was reasonably easy to install), and that was it.

    So I'd recommend Zorin for anyone who has very basic computing needs, and they are not using a brand new/high-end PC.

    • Alright, thanks!
      I see it very similar. Zorin was my first distro too, and has been the best first Linux impression I could have got at that time.

      It looks very modern, and I don't think the outdated packages from the LTS are a huge concern for most (not techy) people.

  • I would stick to basic recommendations and go from easiest to more and more advanced distribution, to avoid scaring beginners :

    • graphical installation + easy to setup (nvidia + codec )+stable : basically Ubuntu based distribution (but not Ubuntu, some snaps, i.e. steams, are more bugged than the flatpak and the .deb . I wouldn't recommand a distribution that force bugged app for beginners ) + others
    • graphical installation : user will have to install nvidia drivers, codec or other useful things manually. The distribution can have several update a week with more risk to break, but is still considered solid and has a preconfigured way to roll back (snapshot) or more lightweigth and stable depending of the choice : fedora, opensuse tumbleweed, Debian+ others...
    • do it yourself distributions : for advanced users or motivated people that want to learn it the hard way. Distributions are up to date and have either a risk to break or user has to manually configure about everything (or both ) : arch, void Linux, gentoo, ...

    "Gaming" distributions could be placed between the 2 first categories as they are a kind of out of the box distribution but more up to date than the stable distributions.

    Low ram/CPU consumption could be a side option at every step (easy, mid, hard)

    I didn't tried immutable distributions in a while, so I don't know how to place them. My experience one year ago (kinoite, silver blue, blend os), was that it was more complicated than a regular distribution to do what I needed, but it was 1 year ago, so I wouldn't know where to place it.

    I'm quite a beginner in Linux, I love to test distributions to see how far I can go without using the terminal, and without breaking the distribution. So my vision can be quite narrow comparing to more experienced users.

  • Okay, nice so far

    • TuxedoOS has nvidia drivers
    • Budgie, XFCE, Mate, LxQt in the "old but traditional" desktops; all will switch to wayland and no longer really fit

    I would also add the category

    • "I want a stable experience without many changes and accept old bugs that are not fixed for an eternity" (Debian stable, Almalinux, Rockylinux, Opensuse Leap, *Ubuntu LTS & derivatives)
    • "I want new updates with the latest and greatest but breakages" (Arch, Gentoo, Fedora rawhide, opensuse tumbleweed, Debian testing?)
    • "I want something in between" (Fedora, Opensuse slowroll, Ubuntu)
  • Are you kidding me with the pink font on pink boxes? Or is that a sync glitch? Cant read most of the text

116 comments