Can’t speak for other countries, but in China we had very bad experiences with the Trotskyists (Chen Duxiu faction). The Stalinist/Comintern faction (Wang Ming) was also problematic, and Mao gave Stalin a 70/30 assessment, but with the Trotskyists, he completely trashed it. (There is a reason why Mao is so revered in China, for he succeeded in synthesizing the correct path for Chinese socialism, which could have easily ended in disaster had it gone down either of the other two paths)
The Chinese Trotskyists condemned any sort of collaboration with the KMT nationalists when Japan was literally invading at the doorsteps. For them, it is better for China to be colonized by Japan if that meant it could arouse workers solidarity across all the countries that are being colonized by the imperialists.
Trotskyists believe that international workers solidarity is the most important part of socialism, and strictly condemn any sort of collaboration with right wing nationalists, even when the country is under threat of fascist invasion. Mao wrote scathing remarks regarding such views in his essay on the role of communists in national wars, arguing that nationalism (in the third world sense, not in the European national chauvinist sense) is an integral part of internationalism and you cannot have internationalism without nationalism.
Note: to be fair to Chen Duxiu, he did eventually come to correctly identify the nationalist struggle as the principal contradiction for China at the time, and did renounce Trotskyism, but his tainted reputation would not be restored until the 1990s.
With regards to Mao and Trotskyists, the big problem post WW2 is that Mao's "New Democracy" policies were in direct contradiction with Trotsky's theory of permanent revolution.
You mention how the Trots in China failed to identify the primary contradiction. In 2023, I feel like they make the same mistake. The principal contradiction right now is the one between imperialist and anti-imperialist spheres. And by going against China and other AES states and supporting the line of the imperialist powers, they are repeating the same mistakes (at least this seems to be the majority of Trots, seems like there are plenty that do not think this way).
I have always wondered why Mao didn't join with Stalin and form a single country, and reading your comment has helped me understand the situation better. Thank you for this.
That would be an insanely bad move. Parts of China had been under hostile rule for decades or longer, and the revolution succeeded at all due to the nationalist movement. Merging with the USSR would feel like subjugation, it would take the victory against Japan, and the victory over the Manchu dominated Qing, and just throw it out as far as the majority of people would be concerned.
Mao and Stalin also differ greatly on the National Question and Mao was cognizant of the fact that there was no merging without being told to deport a hell of a lot of people. Heck Chinese in the Soviet Union had been deported almost entirely in the late 1920s-early 1930s. Including Chinese volunteers who fought for the Bolsheviks and along side the deportations of Korean volunteers because the Soviets said Japan could use their existence as pretext for expanding an ethnic or linguistic border.
They would be on edge waiting for orders to start coming saying to create more homogenized regions, and the removal and relocation of nationalities deemed "unloyal" which would also not be good for the Soviets because Xinjiang already had been Soviet aligned and during that process in the early 20s Central Asian rebels fled there and caused fears of incursions.
Plus the Soviets wanted a buffer. There is a reason they repeatedly rejected Mongolia's requests to become an SSR.
Trotskyists believe that international workers solidarity is the most important part of socialism, and strictly condemn any sort of collaboration with right wing
i don't think this is strictly true. the POUM worked with the Popular Front in Spain, which included the Liberals
The POUM like the rest of the "International Marxist Centre was disavowed by Trotsky for this and other takes (most notably calling for dentante between ML, Councilist, Leftcom, and Trot groups.)
The Duxiu and Ming blocs fighting with the majority of the revolution is such a strange time to read about. So many demands that just utterly missed the material conditions in China and the needs of the revolution
From a third worldist perspective, many would argue that Trotskyists with the theory of "permanent/world revolution" put the cart before the horse so to speak, in that they do not accept the limitations of "building socialism in one country" and the reality of where many third world/global south/periphery countries start from, which is a rock bottom capitalist economy structured for exploitation by the imperial core/centre - see Micheal Parenti "not poor but over exploited" - and the contradictions that will occur because of this, when on a path towards socialism and dismantling this form of capitalism, contradictions such as stagism/two stage theory/new democracy.
In the countries of the (Global) South, most people are victims of the system, whereas in the (Global) North, the majority are its beneficiaries. Both know it perfectly well, although often they are either resigned to it (in the South) or welcome it (in the North). It is not by accident, then, that radical transformation of the system is not on the agenda in the North whereas the South is still the “zone of storms,” of continual revolts, some of which are potentially revolutionary. Consequently, actions by peoples from the South have been decisive in the transformation of the world.
Taking note of this fact allows us to contextualize class struggles in the North properly: they have been focused on economic demands that generally do not call the imperialist world order into question. For their part, revolts in the South, when they are radicalized, come up against the challenges of underdevelopment. Their “socialisms,” consequently, always include contradictions between initial intentions and the reality of what is possible...There is no “world revolution” on the agenda whose center of gravity would be found in the advanced centers. Lenin, Mao, Ho Chi Minh, and Castro understood that and accepted the challenge of “constructing socialism in one country.” Trotsky never understood that. The limits of what was achievable in these conditions, beginning with the heritage of the “backward” capitalism found in the peripheries, accounts for the later history of the twentieth century’s great revolutions, including their deviations and failures.
Samir Amin, Revolution from North to South
I personally have no problem with Trotskyists as long as they are not overly sectarian or overly critical of states actually attempting to build socialism. It's perfectly fine to have theoretical disagreements. As long as they're still on the left, it's all good.
Michael Hudson, who is the godson of Trotsky for those who don’t know. Hudson is an exception to all those stereotypes (to be fair, he’s probably not so much ideologically a Trotskyist apart from his family background, but he sure likes to throw shade at the “Stalinists”)
i wanna preface this by saying i've done a lot of work with Trotskyists (Socialist Alternative, ISO, etc) and they can be alright, honestly. I think most of the problems people have with Trotskyists is that for the longest time, like after the 1960s to maybe 2016, they were the only communists in town, especially if you're from somewhere western. They were always the most prominent and vocal, and there's still residual effects of that, like for instance our very beloved marxists.org is operated by Trots, and they seem like cool people who are very dedicated to maintaining the best online repository of socialist literature anywhere. They even have all of Stalin's writings there and he's their mortal enemy. So yeah, part of the dissatisfaction with Trotskyites has got to be the fact that they were so embedded within western leftism for so long, but now their influence is rapidly waning as new people have taken an interest in leftism without a lot of the unnecessary baggage of the past. So it's partially a new blood vs old blood fight too?
maybe someone has mentioned it already, but one of the problems with Trotsykists in the west at least is how often they ended up becoming affiliated or infiltrated with feds. I know that was a huge problem in the UK and it's happened with a few American parties. But that's also an effect of Trots being the most prominent game in town for so long. Trotskyism was an easier sell to westerners in some regards. You can be a communist and still be critical of all of the west's enemies. It's perfect.
There's also a weird level of former Trotskyists who became conservatives with age, very notably Irving Kristol and James Burnham. Kristol was an anti-Soviet socialist organizer in his youth, then he made such a hard swing that the term "neoconservative" was invented to describe him specifically. James Burnham was founder of a Trotskyist party notably backed by Trotsky himself, but he also took a huge swing. He ended up working for the OSS (precursor to the CIA) and then founded the conservative magazine National Review. The whole "Trot to neocon pipeline" thing.
all in all, it really just depends on the organization and what they're doing. If you're working with an org and they're throwing around terms like Stalinist or removedd workers' state, then maybe they've got some baggage they haven't quite jumped over quite yet, maybe try to get them back on task.
There's also a weird level of former Trotskyists who became conservatives with age [...] The whole "Trot to neocon pipeline" thing.
That was also very common among Marxist-Leninists of the 1960s and 1970s, especially those upholding China. Lots of them became the foundational stones of Green Parties, or even worse, climbed upward liberal politics and became staunch supporters of neoliberalism.
The current Chancellor of Germany, for example. Or the infamous Gerhard Schröder. Or many hawkish Green Party politicians like Joschka Fischer (Former Foreign Minister 1998-2005) who used to throw rocks at cops in the 70s.
The issue lies therein that many of the people who were leftists in the 60s and 70s would probably be libertarians today. They had a strong focus on social issues and personal liberty even before getting high paying jobs/bureaucrat postings that let them just be libs again.
I guess that might be a more European phenomenon where there was more of a Marxist-Leninist presence, versus the US/Canada where Trotskyites have historically been more organized. ML parties in North America weirdly would spring out of splits from Trotskyite parties, rather than the other way around. Even now the PSL, one of the bigger ones, traces its lineage back through Sam Marcy's split from the Trotskyite Socialist Workers Party.
It really is wild to me to think about how so many higher level European politicians were throwing Molotov cocktails 40 years ago and have ended up becoming the very thing they were fighting against in their youth. Time is weird.
Because they always cry about "red fascism" and are staunchly anti authoritarianism, even though Trotsky was authoritarian until he didn't win the power struggle and so he started crying and whining about "Stalinism."(which isn't a real thing because Stalin didn't actually contribute to Marxism in the way others did. He was a Leninist.) They also seem to have an issue with literally ever AES country and it's revolution, yet they have no actual idea on how to achieve revolution in a different way.
`An important part, which becomes more and more important, of the Soviet apparatus is formed of fascists who have yet to recognize themselves as such. To equate the Soviet rйgime with fascism is a gross historic error .... But the symmetry of the political superstructures and the similarity of totalitarian methods and of psychological profiles are striking." Trotsky, Nouvelles dйfections (17 March 1938). La lutte, pp. 161--162
Calling the Soviet Union fascist has led to modern day Trots saying "red fascism." And yea, I was mostly talking about Trotskyists, but obviously they were inspired by how much he wrote and complained about "Stalinism" even going so far as to blame "Stalinists" for the rise of fascism. Trotskys writings could mostly be summed up as "i could do it better." And with "social fascism" he was just angry that Stalin and the Comintern called social democrats the left-wing of fascism(which is true).
Trotsky himself claimed that the Soviets and Nazis formed a united bloc due to the Pact, that was the second "camp" in his "third camp" theory, so he might call them something other than fascist, but he certainly gave them a very similar smear even in his own day.
"we are totally different than other ultraleft wreckers" lol ok whatever dude
Trotskyists have read Engels
yeah that's the problem, imagine reading a 150 year old book while crying about "Stalinist revisionists", incredibly out of touch from our material conditions
they have no actual idea on how to achieve revolution in a different way.
I've come to the conclusion that (CW: anti left-unity)
spoiler
Trotskyists are as useless as Anarchists.
They're off on their own tangent with their sectarian organisations selling their dumb bullshit newspapers with articles so eye-wateringly long that they are inaccessible to regular working people. Only members of their cult will be willing to read them.
I find they put themselves into the ultimate "arm chair critic" position. By siding with Trotsky then can wash their hands of any perceived failures of the USSR, China or Cuba, while simultaneously criticising any and every one around them and then not offering anything useful or constructive themselves.
The Trotskyist orgs in my city love to cry about how useless "sectarian organisations" are, while at the same time being the very best examples of what a sectarian organisation actually is. It's just projection.
Literally worse than anarchists though, Anarchists had Catalonia, Makhnovia, and Korean People's Association in Manchuria (probably missing some). Trotskyists, however, just have a bunch of weak political parties. The neo-zapitsitas in Chiapas and the Kurds have Anarchism synthesized with some other beliefs. Where have trotskyists had a significant impact? How are they supposed to have a permanent revolution if they can't even achieve any sort of revolution? (Trotsky was involved with the October Revolution, but that doesn't really count)
Trotsky hated "Stalinism" so much that he was willing to try to collaborate with the actual HUAC against the CPUSA and Stalin, possibly selling out his comrades in Latin America in the process (though this is unclear and he certainly denied it). He failed to, but only because the US side rescinded its invitation.
https://www.revolutionarydemocracy.org/archive/trotsky.htm
He was a bastard and every time I research him, I find some new comically disgusting thing he said or did. Stalin should have killed him sooner.
Most Trots are at least slightly better than the man himself, but that's not saying much, and the nicest thing you can say of a given Trot is that they are really an ML with a subcultural affect (or a baby communist who doesn't know better and got swept up by the only game in town).
He worked with rightists in what is commonly called the "opposition bloc" to destabilize the USSR, toward what end other than hating Stalin I am not even sure. Another member of this bloc was Yagoda, head of the NKVD and a butcher in the Great Purge, second only to his successor Yezhov (whose status in this regard I am unsure of). The bloc will make you lose years from your life trying to get consistent stories out of it if you research it.
As was mentioned elsewhere in the thread, he claimed that the Politburea were fascists and that the Soviets and Nazis represented a unified "camp" competing against the British-Aligned camp (though even in this distortion he recognizes that the Soviets hate the Nazis).
Trotsky flip-flopped on "Lenin's Last Testament", I believe initially recognizing it as the fabrication it was but later holding it up as real for opportunistic reasons.
Ironically, from what I can tell, he also flip-flopped on the "socialism in one country" thing (along with promoting a misrepresentation of it that exists to this day) after first supporting it, before even Stalin did, because once it became Soviet orthodoxy and Trotsky was ousted, it was just another thing to twist to paint them as devils.
The rightists of the opposition bloc are not Nazis but Russian (etc.) rightists who were within the Soviet Union or fled from it. I don't endorse the "Nazi collaborator" claim, though I think the characterization of "show trials" is also ridiculous, as demonstrated by the much worse nature of the secret trials carried about by the Khrushchevites. Frankly, when I am feeling masochistic, I prefer reading about the opposition bloc stuff than the foreign fascist collaborator accusations.
Also, like, reading the comments of the very thread you link is a good idea.
Lot of responses talking about Leon Trotsky himself (none that I saw which focus on his time before the Bolshevik band breaks up, someone should write that one!), lots talking about collaboration with anti communist groups by Trotskyist organizations and their development path due to being the only game in town over here in the west at least. Not much talking about their mass media focused strategy.
A part of the Bolshevik revolution that never gets enough attention imo is the newspapers. All kinds of political movements all over the world had presses, but what made communist newspapers interesting during the revolution was that they represented a powerful political tool that would ultimately become, and arguably already was, mass media. One of the leading edges of the movement to overturn social order was what would become, and arguably already was, a force for social control in the imperial core’s development into consumptive economy.
So it’s easy to understand why mass media plays such a big role in Trotskyist actions and strategy in the 20th century.
The failure of it comes from still fighting on that terrain when it’s already lost. Bolshevik newspapers did fantastically well to disseminate their ideas to people because people were willing to read them with an open mind. The states media organs were underdeveloped and the consumers were partaking in a form that, while it had been in existence for hundreds of years, didn’t have the perfect delivery of ideas mastered yet. There were rough edges to be expected in mass media and the state couldn’t credibly just call something stupid and have everyone believe it.
Once the state was credible though, once the craft of media was so perfected that every poison pill slipped right down our gullets, once the blip of American postwar production passed and everything faded to consumption, it was over. We could have the gulf of Tonkin, contras, nayirah, anthrax, wmd, viagra soldiers and beheaded babies. There’s no socialist newspaper that could stand against that machine.
There's stuff to dunk on Trotsky about but Trotskyism has really taken on a life of its own among Western Trots. While they talk about his silly ideas a lot, the thing that's worth criticism with Western Trots is mostly social.
I don't know how to describe it other than they always seem to be trying to trick people. They will hold some kind of seemingly socialist line on some issues and then triangulate to appeal to liberals the next day and then do some ultra criticism of AES after that. The whole time you get the overt "I'm parroting a line the party taught me" vibe. It feels robotic.
Also maybe this is just me but every Trot I've met orchestrates force in numbers in advance of any action or push. This is usually a good tactic but it can also mean that they hold a rally with 6 speakers from different industries and they don't mention that they're all Trots in the same org. The audience is meant to think it's a coalition but it's just one org doing a little show.
They also have a habit of cooption. About 2 weeks late to most issues, they tail something and then try to take credit or recruit from it without even authentically supporting the cause.
And finally, something that's not just social: their messaging tends to be like if you took an ML and then asked them to ruin the messaging a little bit. Just enough to bother every other person in the room. "Palestine will be free! Resist imperialism! Both sides should stop killing civilians!"
With that said I've worked with many Trots and they can be good coalition partners. Especially if you take a 100% extractive approach towards them.
i don't read theory so everything i know is purely vibes based
trotskyism gives me some bad vibes since western trotskyists wholly disown the soviet union, practically allying themselves with anti-communists. and actually allying themselves with anti-communists as entryism is promoted within trotskyism iirc.
they give good vibes since they actually exist and actually get things done. could that effort be utilized more effectively? maybe? probably? but other tendencies haven't managed to get as much of a foothold, so another critique is that they suck up space that other tendencies could take up. whatever.
if someone has real facts instead of just vibes, that'd be welcome
in conclusion, i don't like trots since it's funny
They have a reputation for undermining "the good" in some sort of pursuit of "the perfect." Too much ideology and not enough practicality. Similar to anarchists in that vein. Just mostly end up being obnoxious, overly critical of communist/socialist organizations (beyond reasonable and valid). Like they'll agree on 98/100 points and then not vote or push for whatever just because of two non-critical points. This is all abstract, but that's the idea. Contrarians, etc. Also, I personally find the term (used pejoratively) pointless, annoying, counterproductive ... similar to libs calling socialists "tankies." It's just meant to annoy people without meaning a lot. That's how I view it anyway.
Max Ajl speaks pejoratively of Troskyists in a way similar to Samir Amin, but I find his pejorative usage actually useful in understanding its function in global anti-national-liberation movements of the west.
In short, Trotsky was just one guy who did good work in the revolution and then fell off afterwards for ideological reasons, and became the face of a tendency with an inherent social basis. Even with no Trotsky, there would still be Trotskyists, they'd just be named something else (probably after some other person specifically, the tendency kind of needs a 'heroic perfect martyred theorist' as its focal point).
imagine basing your entire personality off shit that happened 100 years ago in a country you don't live in. They call themselves "anti-revisionists" but that's just hiding from our current contradictions by retreating to some idyllic past where people like Stalin didn't have to make tough decisions that may have been wrong. Pure dogmatism
I honestly like trotskyism, at least from the bit of trotskyist theory I've read. It seems to make sense, in theory, you know? As far as actual, modern trotskyists, I've never met any. I know Frida Kahlo was a trot, and I like her artwork.
"Today like never before I am not alone. It has been 25 years that I have been a communist. I know the central origins. I know the ancient roots. I've read the history of my country and almost all the villages there. I know its conflicts of economics and class. I understand clearly the materialist dialectics of Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin, and Mao Zedong. I love them as the pillars of the new communist world. I realized the error of trotsky since he arrived in Mexico. I was never a trotskyite. But in that time, 1940-I was only an ally of Diego. (personally) (political mistake)- But you have to take into account that I've been sick since I was six years old and really very little of my life I've enjoyed health and I was useless to the Party. Now in 1953 after 22 surgeries I feel better and I can from time to time help my Communist Party. Since I'm not a worker, I am an artisan - and allied unconditionally to the communist revolutionary movement."
Her then husband was a Trot and she also fucked Trotsky, but she never actually agreed with his politics, and after he was assassinated and she and Diego got banned from the Communist Party, she became even more pro-Stalin
I dont have "much" of a personal problem with trotskyists. I think they are overly critical of some projects though. At least based on what I heard from them. I will fully admit I dont frequent their circles though.