You can just drop in a new boot drive and install from a usb. I do recommend setting up a boot pool mirror though. This way if one goes down, you have a spare that can be used to help recover more quickly.
Yeah. As far as I understand it, exporting is more of a config thing. You can shut down your system asd boot it while missing drives (done this by accident) and boot while missing, and it'll say there's an issue with it. Shut down, pop the drives back in and you're good to go on boot.
Your data is safe. Worst case is that you need to do some reconfiguration of the system after you reinstalled it. You can import your existing data drives.
Export the configuration is step one. Step two is to replace the drive. You probably don't need to reinstall but having the exported config will make it easier if you do.