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I would like to pitch the idea that the obesity epidemic is a symptom of failed city infrastructure. Imagine if riding a bike was a no-friction activity; you walk out your door, you have a bike there and the bike lanes are treated as first-class infra instead of cars. Imagine how much more you would bike in this situation, and how much healthier you and everyone around you would be
You’re trying to find a problem for your solution.
The obesity epidemic actually due to the increased availability of ultra processed foods.
As well as a massive car-centric society. I can't even walk to Jack in the Box at 10pm to get a shit burger, but I can drive thru with a car. That's part of the problem.
This is only tangentially related, but I just wanted to share a random anecdote.
I ordered a mobile pickup order at my local Taco Bell with their app. Since it's nearby, I walked there and I had selected in store pickup. I walked inside and waited for a few moments. The manager comes out and this interaction happens.
Manager: "Inside was supposed to be closed. Idk who unlocked the door but you have to go through the drive through"
Me: "Oh uhh I already paid for an in store pickup through the app."
Manager: "You have to go through the drive through."
Me: "Uhhh....can I walk through the drive through? I walked here."
The manager looks at me in total disbelief that someone would do that. "You don't have a car???"
Me: "I mean I just walked here."
Manager: "Ok hold on I'll get your order."
Lol. She looked at me like she had never heard of anyone walking some place to get some food lol. Granted I live literally a 5 minute walk from there which is probably not really the norm.
European countries have access to those same ultra processed foods and yet their consumption and the obesity rates are dramatically lower. I think there are factors beyond simple availability that we should look at fixing.
Once upon a time people worked 9-5 with a commute somewhere under twenty minutes - so somewhere in the realm of nine hours of employment before home tasks like cooking and cleaning started happening. I believe most millennials and under work at least ten and a half hour (and the number of people trying to juggle multiple jobs has gone way up).
The ultra processed and fast foods are generally the default option when you are so fully drained by a sedentary employment and craving chemical joy to deaden the depression of existence. Millennials have eschewed alcohol and tobacco like no other generation and sugar is the only chemical fulfillment they can find so it becomes a spiral of comfort food into physical pain into inability to seek other enjoyment into comfort food.
I'd hesitate to ascribe the obesity epidemic to a single cause due to the exceptions that prove the rule.
Is it? There's primitive cultures that eat every kind of weird diet you can imagine, and they're all thin and fit. It's still kind of a mystery why exactly we can't handle eating even a fraction like the historical Inuit, and just the processing itself shouldn't change much.
Because ultra processed foods don't fill us up but taste incredibly good. Technically the problem is overeating, but it's a lot easier to overeat ultra processed foods.
I mean, which foods even count as ultraprocessed isn't well defined. It's not an ingredient, it's not a technique. OP was trying to find a problem for their solution, you're right, but lack of exercise is just as big of a suspect if not bigger.
They're engineered to be very appealing for sure, but do you have a link for the not filling us up bit? That one's new to me.
As far as I know there isn't good science yet or strict definition, so nothing really to source except personal experience
One of us is confused.
I'm saying that ultra processed foods - food that have had their nutrients stripped and replaced with sugars and fats and chemicals - are more readily available. We have an ancient instinct to store fats and sugars due to food shortages. Ultra processed foods are pleasurable to eat and our biology specifically deals with them by storing them as fat.
I have never heard anyone say it's a mystery that we can't eat like our ancestors. On the contrary, there are a hundred fad diets specifically designed to do just this. If you look into "blue zones", you'll find people living long healthy lifestyles free of ultra processed foods and eating and exercising more similarly to our ancient ancestors.
The Inuit diet is pretty much pure whale blubber. A bit of fish and marine mammal meat on the side. Essentially no plants, because they just don't grow well on permafrost.
There's another tribe I can't remember the name of that mostly just eats a certain high-calorie nut. By "can't handle", I meant without getting really fat eating that way. (The blue zones themselves are all over the place)
Active living may not be the only way to address the obesity epidemic (it's endemic now, isn't it?) but it would help. People will be happier and healthier if they can get exercise as part of their day to day activities.
I fully agree with this. Someone else rightly pointed out that access to UPF doesn't equate consumption. Why are people consuming UPFs? I would argue because of economic hardship (being overworked), lack of prioritizing healthy activities and social encounters, ignorance, misinformation, and habit and/or addiction.
I think eating good foods should be every humans number one priority. "You are what you eat" may be cliche but it's true. Above all else, I think, people should be making time in their day to eat properly. Not enough people know how to cook using fresh ingredients. I constantly see claims that processed foods are so much cheaper than fresh foods. In my experience, it's the opposite. I mean, I just made a whole stock pot full of vegetable soup for less than fifteen bucks and it'll feed me for a week.
To your point, I think it's true that adding exercise to your daily routine contributes to a more positive mindset. I don't know if this is universal but when I'm depressed I eat more poorly. When I'm in a good mood, I eat more healthy. This would seem to be backed by biology and our innate need to consume sugars and fats for long term storage.
As a lifelong bike commuter who's fifty pounds overweight and prediabetic, this isn't the cure-all you seem to think.
It'd be great, but it won't be enough.
Or walking. I've been to a few US cities, and the common denominator for all of them is that walking anywhere isn't really an option. Sure, you can't always walk A to B in most cities, but at least European cities have public transit to cut down on the distance, necessitating only two short walks to and from a transit station.
Observation: Saudi Arabia is heading down a Houstonian path. There was one pedestrian bridge near me, and outside of that one, getting anywhere involved strategic jaywalking to cross freeways. At least they seem to have a decent bus network, though.
I really prefer walking to cycling. I'm totally fine with bike infrastructure, but I'd really just like neighbourhoods to have amenities they can walk to.
I've lived on the east coast, west coast and in Europe. Out here in the west coast (Vancouver) the cities are nice enough but anytime I leave my home I have to walk down a hill (and my partner struggles with that due to arthritis), walk along half a mile of four lane arterial roadway, squeeze through two blocks along the same roadway on an extremely narrow unprotected at grade sidewalk while semis barrel by leaning over my head... then I get to a shopping center and transit nexus and can go elsewhere.
While living in Southern Spain I'd walk two blocks on quiet pedestrian streets to a waterfront promenade which was littered with restaurants and provided a wide (like 20 meter) surface to stroll along to reach the city center - at one point before the city center you'd need to cross a two lane high traffic road but that road had protected crosswalks every 150 meters.
The contrast between these two places (and don't even get me started on how pleasant Barcelona is to pedestrians) is stark.
That might certainly be one factor, but my intuition is that the primary driver is still todays diet. Things like soda drinks that let you consume teaspoons of pure sugar in an instant without appropriate feedback simply didn't exist in the past.
Not just obesity, but also the loneliness epidemic, since mental health is boosted as much by the weak relationships of the people that one sees regularly, day-to-day, whose name one might not even know, as it is by close, intimate relationships. (And even the latter are suffering the loss of social contact.)
One of the reasons I don't think I'll ever want to live outside of NYC. I walk every day. Sometimes take a bike. It's much nicer than the car world of the suburbs I grew up in