I most of these anti-aging therapies just treat some health conditions associated with aging and don't actually reverse aging. It's just a meaningless buzzword to get more funding at this point.
well there's some research that I would class as anti-aging, like using yamanaka factors to reset the epigenome. There is a pretty convincing theory that epigenetic degradation is in large part to blame for aging, because cells no longer do their intended functions. Like if a liver cell partially turns on the genes nescessary in a skin, heart, nerve cell and some liver cell functions are turned off etc..
If you can reset them to do what they are supposed to do again, then it follows that your body is "younger".
Afaik the genetic damage isn't that important for aging as the epigenetic damage.
The cocktail consists of a variety of molecules, including valproic acid, which is an anti-seizure medication used for migraine and mood disorders, and a drug used for cancer with anti-aging properties.