You know how Belgium does this? Designate the entire length of the road as "bike priority street", which means 30km/h max and no passing the bikes. Doesn't require a scrap of extra planning, construction or what have you.
Sure, you put the bikers at the mercy of the drivers, but hey, gotta know what to sacrifice.
The Netherlands also does this. They create 'Bicycle streets' or 'fietsstraten' where drivers have to give priority to and aren't allowed to pass cyclists. Way better than this and doesn't require too much construction in principle.
It's just not destined to ever be a 'bike w/out 2 operating brakes' city. Unless the hill grades are 20% I suppose. But even then an argument could be made against cars since hills drastically reduce their efficiency.
Hmm fair point. But even if you have breaks the average person doesn't want to have to bike uphill all the time and even so the city is too vast for biking to be time-effective. Most people use the tram network instead (which goes up the hills)
Just to illustrate this is what the hills over here look like: