How much current can I safely pull from an ESP8266?
How much current can I safely pull from an ESP8266?
I asked a while ago, how to build an automatic light switch and finally got around to actually building it.
My board is an ESP8266 mini D, and ignoring all the sensor parts, my problem right now is powering the actual light.
It's just a small LED array and I connected it directly to the 5V and GND pins (controlled via a transistor).
Measuring from the wall (so including the PSU), this whole setup pulls about 3W (so far expected), however, one small component close to the USB connector gets uncomfortably warm, and I'm not sure, whether that's ok.
The hot component is one of the two small thingies circled in the picture. I thought the 5V get pulled directly from the USB plug, so I'm not sure, why there is any circuitry involved.
5V will be pulled directly from 5V supply
The chip you are concerned about getting warm I believe is your 3.3V regulator.
I would ensure your transistor has some resistors to ensure you are not drawing more current than required from the 3.3V supply
If that is all good then I will remind you of a few things
- The board you have is a clone (I use them... but they can be dubious)
- The ESP8266 requires a certain amount of current to run which will cause the chip in question to generate heat all on its own
- The chip in question appears to be an LDO which will mean going from 5v to 3.3v is done by turning the excess voltage into heat.
I couldn't find an exact Datasheet but I am led to believe that the chip is a clone of this
https://www.sunrom.com/download/670.pdf
Which I found on this store page
https://www.sunrom.com/p/rt9193-33gb-rt9193-33pb-sot23-5-300ma-ldo
And here is a wiki entry incase you are curious about Voltage Regulators and the such
If I'm reading the part number right that regulator is rated for a current limit of 400mA At 5v that's 2 watts.
Two stupid questions:
1.) why is there a 5V regular for a USB plug that's supposed to be 5V only?
2.) will this regulator output more than 2W and burn itself out or is there a self limiting thingy? The 3W from the wall include power supply and board, so 2W don't seem too far off.
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It helps ensure that levels between 2.5v and 5.5v can be fed to the controller without breaking anything. For some cheaper power supplies you might get a voltage drop when starting to pull load, this will clean that up and prevent the voltage from dropping too low for the microcontroller.
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If I'm reading the correct datasheet I can see it is current limiting so it should shutdown when overdrawn.
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I have never used an ESP but as far as I can tell, you are right. There is no component involved for the 5V. Some boards have a diode and a fuse between VBUS (5V USB) and the 5V rail on the board, but that is not the case for the board in your picture.
The black component with "512" is just a pull-down resistor for one of the CC lines of the USB connector. This should not get particularly warm.
The brownish thing is the input capacitor of the voltage regulator. It can get a little warm due to ripple currents, but I wouldn't expect a lot of heat.
Are you sure it is not the black 5-pin voltage regulator for the ESP? As far as I know those ESPs can be a bit power hungry depending on what you have enabled (e.g. WiFi).
Maybe you can check the temperature without your LED matrix connected and see if it is hot as well.