Alsace, France became a testing ground for the Third Reich’s anti-Roma policies
Alsace, France became a testing ground for the Third Reich’s anti-Roma policies
![](https://lemmygrad.ml/pictrs/image/c720d3b0-b9ae-4874-9429-c3d5d54a0fad.jpeg?format=webp&thumbnail=128)
‘Gypsies’ in the Police Eye was published in Deportations in the Nazi Era on page 207.
![‘Gypsies’ in the Police Eye](https://lemmygrad.ml/pictrs/image/c720d3b0-b9ae-4874-9429-c3d5d54a0fad.jpeg?format=webp)
By the end of 1940 and following the defeat of France, the former Bas‐Rhin and Haut‐Rhin departments were annexed to the [Third Reich’s] territory and Strasbourg progressively became the new administrative and political centre of the Gau Oberrhein, which united Baden and annexed Alsace.
This borderland territory of the Rhine area was perceived as a fundamental space in the Nazi policy, which intended to reshape racial European frontiers. Alsace was meant to become a Western march built for the defence of Germanness. Thus, the Alsatian lands were subjected to Germanization policies that affected [Roma and Sinti] within this territory.
(Emphasis added.)
Note the class backgrounds of the victims:
mainly musicians, basket‐makers, fairground artists and trailer dwellers linked to the travelling worlds of this transfrontier area between France, Germany, and Switzerland: Sinti, Manouches, Roma and Yenish experienced familial dislocations and endured persecution policies throughout the war.
In the same way that antisemitism benefited petty bourgeois gentiles, the oppression of Roma and Sinti must have benefited petty bourgeois whites: here you have a minority soaking up the worst of capitalism’s economic pressures, simultaneously reducing economic competition (for the white petty bourgeoisie) and freeing up space for future settlers. But Fascist capitalists’ motivations for oppressing ethnic minorities is a topic that I’d prefer to save for another day.
The rest of this paper is an examination of the evolution of a white supremacist policy in a territory under Axis control. It is pretty dry, so it might not be your cup of tea, but it’s good that somebody analysed this.