Are there actual cost increases for landlords that justifies them charging so much more on rents now, or is it solely based on "market prices"? I imagine taxes increase, maybe insurance, their own mortgage may fluctuate, and then you have things just breaking down in a house on a regular basis, so imagine they do need to pad the rent a little bit just to cover additional costs, but current prices seem excessive. To me it just seems like price gouging, but I'm not a landlord, so I don't know what goes into it.
The big thing is pricing in an eviction moratorium, it's going to be a while before landlords are ok with thinking the government won't remove their recourse for unpaid rent.
The big thing is that they all use a piece of software to create a cartel. The rent prices in the US are being artificially inflated by companies like Zillow that chart all the "comps" in an area. A "comp" is a completed sale. The thing is that they can buy a property at 120-300% of actual value in the area to create a "comp" that artificially inflates the "value" of all the other properties in the area, thereby allowing their property management division to jack up rents, which since they all share what they are charging jacks up all the other rents in the area.
Some provide actual value by working as a superintendent for the properties they own, most simply hire a management company and pass the costs onto the tenants.