It does, though. In fact, that's considered the primary definition, per Merriam-Webster.
Begging the question means "to elicit a specific question as a reaction or response," and can often be replaced with "a question that begs to be answered." However, a lesser used and more formal definition is "to ignore a question under the assumption it has already been answered." The phrase itself comes from a translation of an Aristotelian phrase rendered as "beg the question" but meaning "assume the conclusion."
That's a case of a dictionary caving to a misuse being so common that it becomes the new norm. If a dictionary claimed "supposively" was an acceptable spelling of supposedly, would that make it correct?
But to answer your question, someone did release their own dictionary… and, thus, became a definitive authority on language… in 1847. That someone (actually someones) were the Merriam brothers. They then bought a license from another someone named Webster. Maybe you’ve heard of them.
If you are serious, you are digging pretty damn deep trying to make your point. If you’re not careful, you might come out on the other side of the world.