Chinese Carmaker Overtakes Tesla as World’s Most Popular EV Maker
Chinese Carmaker Overtakes Tesla as World’s Most Popular EV Maker
Elon Musk once scoffed at the notion that BYD could compete with his company. Now, the automaker run by billionaire Wang Chuanfu is poised to be the new No. 1 in electric vehicles.
You're viewing part of a thread.
The energy business, primarily commercial, has actually been doing really well. It was stalled during covid in favor of vehicles, but it's ramping now. They have done much more than just Australia, and they've actually been very successful. You just don't hear about it the same as it's less flashy than cars or AI. They also sell AI driven software to help optimize power grids power arbitrage, which is successful recurring recenue software tack on as well.
Their new facility that's ramping right now will put out 40gwh a year which is more batteries than some legacy auto manufacturers are using, and they are building a second in China that's going to start producing in 2024. That's over a million cars worth of batteries being sold at commercial margins. As the business ramps its going to be as or more profitable than cars excluding a future where FSD is successful. (edit: just for reference, they deployed about 66,000 60kwh cars worth of batteries in Q3)
They're also getting into the power business in Texas and I'd expect to see that to expand, and their virtual power plant product is also growing and will be a big thing in the future. I'm actually excited about VPP from any and all providers as it's really going to add security to the power grid while helping out the home owners. A Vermont power company wants to get a home battery in 100% of their customers homes over the next few years.
So keep an eye on all this if it interests you at all, it's going to be big, and as I said, people are going to start accounting for it.
They made almost a billion profit on that on Q3(edit: I'm an idiot and can't line items up. It was 381 million profit at about 40% scaled. I mixed up a line with service and other. The point still stands though, you can't ignore almost 400 million in profit with the rapid growth its showing)As for the AI, analysts really weren't accounting for it and they weren't accounting for energy either. You can say they are all crazy for having given tesla those valuations without it if you want, but im just telling you what was really happening. A few like Cathie Woods were, but most weren't.
And like my edit about car payments. I wouldn't ever expect the same margins on the 3/y again, but do expect margins and prices to go up as interest rates come down. People buy cars based off the car payment, and those are the same today as when margins were higher and Tesla still sold around 1.8 million vehicles this year at those same payments. If payments become cheaper because interest rates come down, prices will go up somewhat at all manufacturers as there will be more demand for cheaper payments. Those other manufacturers are suffering more than Tesla due to the interest rates and they desperately need them to go down to help with their profitability. The longer this drags on, the worse they're going to be as ICE restriction start coming into play in various countries.
Also, the competition is coming and teslas market share going down is old and tiring to hear. Tesla isn't competing against other EV makers, their competing against ICE sales. Their total market share is increasing. The story is always going to be their EV market share is decreasing because if you are at 100% and someone sells 1 car, you're decreasing. If their total market share is decreasing in a region, then that might be a real problem.
The real competition (edit: within the EV space) is going to be the Chinese EV makers. That I feel is legit. But Ford, GM, Stellantis, Toyota etc, it's the same story and they're still struggling and even cutting back plans. They talk a big talk, but the jury is still out on that one.
I don't think Tesla AI is worthless without FSD either, but clearly dramatically less without. They do use AI for power as I mentioned, and they've diversified their FSD computer into the bot, which is a long shot, but it puts their eggs in 2 baskets instead of 1 which could prevent a complete disaster if FSD fails. The bot is easier to solve than FSD so it's not out of the question.___
Thank you, that's a very interesting and thorough response. 👍 From what you write, it all sounds very impressive, question is then why Musk would call Tesla basically worthless without AI?
Also, the competition is coming and teslas market share going down is old and tiring to hear.
Well I wrote the competition has already arrived, and yes Tesla may increase market share total, because the total EV market is increasing market share. What I meant is that they can't sustain their current market share and margins in the EV market. So they will not become as big as the rest of top 10 combined. Tesla may be able to hold their market share for the total market, maybe even increase it a bit. But I strongly suspect even that will go down when the competition is nearer completing the transition period, and compete at full strength. Tesla had a 10 year head start, but in 10 years that won't matter as much.
The real competition is going to be the Chinese EV makers.
The competition from China is already real, and Chinese cars dominate China with BYD having 7 out of 10 top selling cars in China and Tesla only 2, and China is now the biggest market in the world. China is expanding quickly to other markets. We have many Chinese brands in Europe now, that all arrived very recently. But European and American makers like for instance VW and Ford, are also improving rapidly. Then of course there is Hyundai/KIA which is the world 3rd largest maker, that makes some very good EV offerings here.
One of the reasons I think Tesla may lose in the long run, is that they are a very long time about making new models. Maybe it's just Musk who promises results unrealistically soon. But the delays are sometimes up to 5 years delivering what he claims they can do now!Thanks! I appreciate the reasoned discussion here as well
why Musk would call Tesla basically worthless without AI?
He says a lot of things and that's definitely a hyperbolic statement. He seems to think the company is going to be worth 10+ trillion dollars with FSD and Bots solved, so maybe under a trillion plus the hit they'd suffer from failure is basically worthless?
So they will not become as big as the rest of top 10 combined
If Tesla actually comes out and makes 20 million vehicles sometimes in the 2030's and can get reasonably high profits, I don't think it's as far fetched as one might think especially after you take the energy side into account. They don't have to do the 10 on cars alone, as energy grows. And remember, Tesla is legitimately making high profits on these cars, even at these lower prices. Other auto manufactures haven't figured this out even on ICE cars (not trucks) where margins are comparatively low, so there's no reason to believe Tesla can't keep higher margins than them with volume. If Tesla lowers their prices to be more competitive, others will have to follow, and because they can keep lowering their car prices due to better margins, they can drive the others to 0 or below (except for lower volume luxury makers like Porsche with crazy high margins anyway). As long as Tesla continues to lead on the engineering side with things like their 48v architecture, they'll maintain higher margins.
In reality though the only way they can ever reach their 20 mil goal though is going to be some huge manufacturing breakthrough or FSD. So maybe that's what he actually means as well? No FSD, they can't make their 20m lofty sale dreams which is somewhat priced in, the company loses its value? Maybe even the infrastructure they build towards that goal starts being idled because they overshoot and start losing more money than expected?
We really need to see the Gen 3 platform to get an idea of the future though. I personally wasn't too worried about CT delays as it was never going to be a super high volume vehicle and probably never going to be sold outside NA, but when it comes to Gen 3 Tesla is talking the big talk right now on it, but it's all just speculation until we see it, and how their optimizations are going to impact margins. All we know from Elon is it's in advanced stages of development, whatever that means. I think they learned their lesson with the CT/Semi though which they revealed at the very early stage.
The competition from China is already real
Sorry you're right, China is legit there in China and area. The Chinese competition is a legit threat to all auto manufactures. They do still need to get their manufacturing plants set up in other countries though, so in that sense, it's still coming. Them producing out of the EU and Mexico is going to be a rude wake up call for a lot of people.
Semi unrelated, but I also have really high hopes for Hyundai/Kia. They seem to be taking it more seriously than others, people really like their EVs, but then they do this, which is baffling https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kia-canada-car-sales-1.7063216 and they also seem to have a problem with their dealers saying a battery replacement is going to cost $60,000 CAD which is ridiculous. They got some operational things they need to sort out, but I don't think it has to do with their actual cars.
If Tesla actually comes out and makes 20 million vehicles sometimes in the 2030’s and can get reasonably high profits, I don’t think it’s as far fetched
Problem for Tesla becoming that big, is not just that others are making decent electric cars now. The problem is that Tesla is no longer the technology leader, which they were by far for about 10 years. But today we have Blade batteries from BYD that are both safer and cheaper than Tesla, The 50% VW owned Yiwei, just released a new car with sodium-ion batteries, which are cheaper more durable and works better at low temperatures, and can charge faster than existing batteries. The engines VW already uses in their ID series are way better engineered than Tesla, resulting in both more compact and lower weight than a Tesla with equivalent power. All in all Tesla is losing their technological leadership in key areas like Batteries, charging and engines. The rest is basically a traditional car, except the computer AI which Tesla is also behind on.
It's naive to think other EV makers can't build cars as cheap as Tesla, Tesla had a very strong head start, and traditional car makers have had a very serious disruptions in their development and some supply chains, which they are only just now beginning to manage about as well as the old ways.
But something is happening in the industry, that I'm not quite aware of what is. But 10 years ago, we could buy a new car here for 75K DKK, adjusted for inflation that would be about 87K today. But the cheapest car available today is 139K, so it's 50% more expensive to buy the cheapest car today, than what was possible 10 years ago??? To be fair it's one model series higher.
Obviously for a time, it was the chip shortage, that meant the cheapest cars were the first to get axed dur to the shortage. But the shortage is over, so why haven't the cheap cars come back? This is something that has happened across all makers of the cheapest available cars! More expensive cars have gone up too, but not as much.My point of mentioning this, is that you shouldn't discard the competition from traditional car makers, they are all in this to make money. The money is moving more towards EV, so car makers too are moving more towards EV. They are far from in full force yet, as they ICE production is still the majority of their revenue and profits. But maybe the reason the cheap cars haven't come back, is that they want to make us used to pay more, and make EV more attractive?
I claim that currently, traditional car makers could make and sell ICE cars that are at least a third cheaper than what is currently available, and still make a profit on them. But for some reason they choose not to. So don't be too sure they can't make EV cheaper and more competitive too, but they do what makes them the most money. And when VW sell an ID7 it's very likely at the cost of a VW ICE car.
So just like you say Tesla competes with ICE mostly, so do traditional car makers, except they are also competing against their own products. How the bean counters value this I don't know, but I bet they try to prevent to much disruption, because disruption cost money, and they try to prevent competing to much against themselves.In a few years the tilt will be more clearly towards EV, and that will change the economic models for traditional car makers, and that's when traditional carmakers will be all in to compete in EV markets.
Most have already arrived, and they've come to stay, but they are not in full force yet. Except the Chinese that have car makers that like Tesla started with electric and only make electric.I think you're really discounting the engineering lead that Tesla still has, especially against legacy manufacturers, and it's that lead and vertical integration, which is why their profits are higher than others, and others won't be able to match. I don't think it's naive to think VW or Stellantis can't make an EV as cheap as Tesla. All of legacy auto has been high volume lower profit cars. Even after price cuts, Tesla still makes more on their cars (excluding trucks which are high profit). That's not a bad strategy and you can make a good business on it, but Tesla has really changed how cars are manufactured and they figured out how to make a high volume high profit vehicle. You can't compete with that without following, and following means you're always behind.
A few years ago VW said it took Tesla 10h to make a car, and it takes them 30h. They haven't matched Tesla on that yet. They would need to implement giga castings among other things to do that for example. In 2022 they said they were working on giga castings for their trinity factory which would start production in 2026, and now that's delayed until 2030. Most of legacy is repeatedly delaying things like this. Ford is cutting back F150 Lighting production in half. GM is delaying things. They need to get economies of scale going to be profitable, but they're pulling back because it isn't profitable. They must commit to scale to make it work, but they aren't.
There's a lot of innovations like the castings inside the cars that people just don't see that lead to Tesla's high margins. Tesla's power electronics are leagues ahead of the legacy automakers as well, almost all designed in house on the CT even, and they just leapfrogged everyone by moving to 48v. Then they do things like steer by wire with no backup in the Cybertruck which no one has done in production (they all have backups). Put aside what you think of the Cybertruck itself, and it's really an engineering marvel underneath. Underneath it's the future of where Tesla is going, and others will again, need to follow, but it's going to take years and years. I imagine the Chinese will follow the quickest cementing their lead over legacy. I'll be surprised if any other legacy manufacture makes a high volume 48v car by 2030. Someone like Porsche might in the meantime?
And Tesla is doing all of this and more again in Gen 3. Maybe VW finally gets their 30h car down to 15h, but Tesla gets their Gen 3 to 5.
Obviously we won't know until we see what happens with Gen 3, but the Cybertruck is a glimpse into that which I think shows enough to not dismiss this possibility.
If you're actually interested in how things are engineered, I'd recommend you watch these two Cybertruck videos for a glimpse of what's going on. They include a lot of the leads at Tesla and are super informative and get into a lot of detail on things. They aren't short though so if you're not interested in that kinda thing that's understandable.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J5zDNaY1fvI (Q/A and then a look at exterior and internal parts) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GFgGnhRZarY (walk through factory and how they work with the stainless steel)
The engines VW already uses in their ID series are way better engineered than Tesla
That's cool about VW's new motor for the I7, I hadn't seen that, hopefully we get to see a tear down in the near future. It also only comes (for the time being) in a car more expensive than a Model 3, but they say it will work on other models, so I'm curious to see what happens with that. Tesla isn't resting on their laurels there either, they have their carbon wrapped motors for performance vehicles which I'm hoping to see trickle down to the performance 3, and they're working on cheaper to mass produce motors for the Gen 3 platform using no rare earth metals.
Batteries
Those sodium ion batteries are cool, but don't expect to see those outside lower range commuter cars anytime soon due to their low energy density. There's definitely a market for cheaper cars like that which don't make sense with higher cost batteries. A lot of people won't want one as their only car though. As a second car they're probably perfect though. Sodium Ion batteries are probably going to shake up the storage business, and we might even see Tesla adopt them there?
BYD literally makes their own cells and batteries for their own cars and is a supplier to Tesla, so they were always going to lead in that. That's why they'll probably pass Tesla for pure BEV sold in 2024. Those blade batteries are definitely cool.
If Tesla can pull off their 4680 batteries though as described at battery day, they'll be joining BYD on that stage. Legacy isn't doing what Tesla is on this front, and that's again another reason why they won't be able to match Tesla on margins. If they can't realize their 4680 goals, that probably ruins their 10-20 million car goals as well though. (Edit: Also Tesla is going as far as making their own lithium refinery. That's how committed they are to this and how they will keep their margins high)
high prices
I'm not sure what's going on over there that's a little fishy, maybe they think they can get more money out of you guys and charge less elsewhere? A 2013 Corolla cost $15,450.00 CAD vs $22,690 for a 2023. Inflation adjusted would be $19,946, so about 13.5% more?
they just leapfrogged everyone by moving to 48V.
This actually shocked me! That EVs were ever made that only used 12V, even our garden tools on Lithium batteries use higher voltages than that! https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/tools/a28522787/battery-powered-chainsaws/ Here you see even Chainsaws averaging about 40v. Because you can make better designs with higher voltages, because of lower resistance, you can make more compact wiring, carrying the same amount of energy. This isn't new, and it isn't a "break through". The typical working power of a Lithium battery is from 3.8 to 4.2V some can go slightly higher and lower, but this is the typical safe area. So stacking 3 gives you a 12 Volt average battery. But if you stack 12 instead, you get 48V. It's not that hard, although the charging needs to be controlled differently, the principle of 12V and 48V is the same, and everybody can do it. Even garden tools.
https://www.hyundai.news/eu/articles/press-releases/hyundai-48-volt-mild-hybrid-system.html
https://tide.theimi.org.uk/industry-latest/motorpro/how-it-works-vws-48v-mild-hybrid-system And of course Both Hyundai and VW have been using this for several years, already in Hybrid cars. The more surprising thing is why anybody ever used 12v? https://insideevs.com/reviews/660753/2025-volkswagen-id7-first-drive/with a 400-volt architecture.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_3
The 350-volt (nominal, 400v max) Model 3 battery packs
So I guess that's actually almost the same, which makes sense.
EDIT: Oh boy, I just found out it's the low voltage system, they are switching!! OK that's probably basically irrelevant.
VW said it took Tesla 10h to make a car, and it takes them 30h.
I can't find any information on this, on the surface it looks like Tesla should be 3 times as efficient at making cars as one of the world leading car manufacturers, and I fin that hard to believe without evidence.
They must commit to scale to make it work, but they aren’t.
Good point, and I agree they are not 100% committed on EV yet except a few Chinese makers that started all electric like Tesla, but that's because ICE cars are still very relevant for many reasons. But they are moving more and more towards EV, and as they do, they will compete harder.
steer by wire with no backup in the Cybertruck which no one has done in production (they all have backups).
Are you aware that Cybertruck isn't street legal in most countries, because the safety is horrible?
it’s really an engineering marvel underneath.
No it really isn't, maybe the production side of it is, IDK about that, I know Musk spewed some bullshit about "demanding" Micron precision because the it was horrible. but the Cybertruck is riddled with poor engineering decisions. Claiming the car is bullet proof? For Christ sake, that's just about the most useless feature a car can have!! It's too rigid for safety, both for passengers and people outside. It's too tall and poorly designed to see what's going on in front of the car, this actually causes accidents in peoples own driveway! Accidents are simply waiting to happen in so many ways with this car, it's a crime against humanity.
I’ll be surprised if any other legacy manufacture makes a high volume 48v car by 2030. Someone like Porsche might in the meantime?
You are aware that Porsche is VW right?
Those sodium ion batteries are cool, but don’t expect to see those outside lower range
IDK, if batteries are cheap, it doesn't matter the car is a bit heavier. Obviously it's not for performance cars. But that's not really the point, I'm mentioning this and Blade batteries, because it illustrates 2 areas where others are ahead of Tesla, and that will prevent Tesla from ever becoming bigger than VW, Toyota, Hyundai , Stellantis, Ford and GM combined. I doubt they'll ever become #1. Also the sodium battery may be good for infrastructure, and could undermine Tesla completely in that area.If Tesla can pull off their 4680 batteries though as described at battery day,
I don't see why a thicker battery should be anything special, It's just bigger, that's it. I'm sure other makers are doing things that are similar, because they are cheaper per Watt and easier to package. The weird thing is more that it was better to make the smaller 2600 batteries they started with. When bigger standard form factors already existed at that time. the 4680 is 6 times bigger than the 2170, AFAIK Tesla claims 6 times power, which is directly in line with the bigger size, but they only claim 5 times the energy, meaning the battery is actually not quite as good. But probably close enough to make the savings worth it.
I’m not sure what’s going on over there that’s a little fishy,
Absolutely, maybe they found out they make more money by selling fewer but more expensive cars? Maybe they have a sort of silent agreement to not ruin when they have something "good" going. And they certainly can use the money for development of EV cars. So my guess is that that's what they are doing.
No one has tried to make a fully 48v vehicle because suppliers don't want to commit to making parts unless auto commits. Auto doesn't want to commit unless suppliers commit. It's a chicken and an egg problem, and Tesla just forced the transition by saying fuck all this bullshit, were doing it even if we have to make more of the parts ourselves. Doing hybrid systems just increases complexity even if they do get some of the benefits. I know Porsche is VW, I just called them out specifically because they are low volume high margin and could take the risk. That's why I said high volume. Porsche might be able to do it as an engineering test bed before 2030.
The 48v system will save them a lot of money on copper, simplify the wiring harness, enables things like steer by wire without super chonky wires and I'm sure there's other hidden benefits like being able to get rid of, or make smaller heat sinks. Smaller parts as well as they don't need to handle as much current? There are all sorts of cost savings by doing it.
You really aren't looking past what you see on the Cybertruck unfortunately, and the majority of people aren't and never will. I can't convince you otherwise, but it IS a engineering marvel even ignoring the stainless steel. Even the stainless steel stuff has some amazing engineering behind it (they actually did get micron precision on the laser cut parts by creating a new cutting laser), even if it is a terrible idea in the end. You're dismissing steer by wire but that's nothing to do with the CT, it's them leap frogging others in engineering that's going to be in all their future cars which will have large cost savings and be safer in an accident.
Here's VW talking about the 30hv10h - https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/giga-casting-robots-how-volkswagens-trinity-aims-catch-up-with-tesla-2022-03-31/
The thing with the 4680 cells isn't the size (although it's apparently the ideal size for volumetric density for a single layer battery, but the size isn't special). It's the tech inside the battery. They have dry coated electrodes and are working on dry coated cathodes (I might have that backwards) which is tech special to them. Everyone else uses a wet slurry that then needs to be dried out in huge areas and involves harsh solvents. It cuts down on the space and time to make a battery. Making the dry coating work at high volumes has been a problem point for them. It keeps getting better each quarter as they figure out the problems as they come up, but it's not where it needs to be yet, and they thought they'd be further along.
It also uses a new tabbed technology which allows them to better manage heat within the battery working around some of the problems you encounter with larger cells. Instead of all the power going through a single tab, there are numerous tabs in the cell spreading the heat out vs 1 point. Tesla has patents on the dry coating, but not sure where things stand on the tabbed structure. My guess is anyone making 4680's for Tesla (others will make them too) will also be using the tabbed tech. I don't know if Tesla will give them the dry coating tech.
They also are working on special ways to get silicon into the battery but they haven't done it yet, it's just part of their future plans to stay competitive, but that'll be a key piece to watch.
The goal of them though isn't to be the absolute best cell on the market, but to be designed in a way they can scale it and make terawatt scale factories that are smaller footprint than the gigawatt factories of today. They might not have the best wh/kg of the most modern cells, but they'll be the cheapest and most easily mass produced. Thats the plan anyway.
It'll be more years until it's realized and we know if they can pull it off. IMO if they can't pull that off, there's no way they'll be able to make the 10+ million vehicles they want to make at the costs they are thinking. Even the 5+ million with Gen 3 would probably be at risk without success on these cells.
I think the biggest threat to that is going to be solid state batteries. They always seem to be around the corner, Toyota has been saying a few years from now for like a decade, and even then they talk about only having supply for 50k cars for years once in production. I do believe were going to see them in 2024 in a Chinese EV, but the real issue is getting the costs down, and making them easy to mass manufacture. We don't know what that looks like yet for that Chinese company as not enough info has been released. Keep your eyes on this one if you're interested in battery tech. (Edit: Oh, and these might be big in aviation before cars. Aviation can eat the higher cost, and needs that power density. Looking forward to seeing what happens there)
I can't imagine Tesla isn't researching them behind the scenes as well, but an unexpected breakthrough in being able to cheaply manufacture them at scale could upend their 4680 plans. It would really upend everyone if that happens, BYD included.
Toyota has been saying a few years from now
Toyota is full of shit regarding EV, they are not competitive at all on EV, so they try to make people not by an EV now, but wait until the next car. Toyota has wasted their research on Hydrogen, and that's going nowhere fast, that's a point where Musk was right already 10-15 years ago. But that was before he got weird.
I read the article from the link you provided, apparently VW plans to build 40 million cars on the new "platform", so Tesla making 20 million will not make them surpass VW and Toyota.
Apparently VW can already make a car in 14 hours, so not that far from the 10 claimed by Tesla, and apparently there are downsides to using the big body parts Tesla uses, in for instance a car is more expensive to repair, and therefore also more easily totalled. AFAIK the machines Tesla use to press those big parts are from Italy, and I bet they tried to sell it to other car makers too.
Regarding the 48V, I would still claim it's a non issue, you could easily go to 48V, and then use voltage regulators to correct locally if necessary. Voltage regulators are dirt cheap today, and are probably already used in most places inside the electronics. So in most cases it's merely a matter of using another regulator, at about zero cost.
Toyota is full of shit
Got a huge laugh from me lol. Well said.
The 30 vs 10 was specifically for EVs. They haven't figured it out yet on their electric vehicles.
A lot of people say what you have about the castings having problems on repairs, but what actually happens is if the accident is big enough to reach the casting, the car is totaled anyway castings or not. They have replaceable crush bars for smaller accidents. It's not as big a problem as people think. Everyone is going to switch to castings to stay competitive, and some already have.
you could easily go to 48V,
You might think that, but legacy has been talking about it for decades now, and hasn't. One of Tesla's leads in the video I linked shows a circuit board which handles many things, and on it, they talk about stepping down to 24v for the audio amplifiers which are on the same board, which they also want to make 48v in the next iteration. The thing is, those are custom in house designed circuit boards. Legacy outsources most of that stuff, they aren't as vertically integrated on the power electronics and can't just do that easily.
That's why it's a chicken and egg problem for them with their suppliers.
Edit: oops, and ya, we'll see if VW can do 40 mil, but the 10x part doesn't need to include that, even VW then would be worth way more. We're looking at what things are worth today and projecting out.
Edit: just to clarify the above edit, if Tesla does make 20 mil vehicles with high margins, even if VW makes 40 mil with high or low margins, Tesla would still be worth a lot, and VW would be worth more as well with the variability being are they high or low margin. The valuation will come from the revenue and profits and future growth outlook.
I think the reason legacy hasn't switched to 48V, is that the benefits are moderate, and for a period of 10 years, every manufacturer will need to stock generic spare parts as both 12 and 48V. Again I don't think it's a game changer, although 48V is admittedly slightly better.
When I say Tesla won't be as big as top 10 combined, it's in volume not just value. Tesla needs to become as big as top 10 in volume, AND maintain the current margins to justify the current market cap (Totlal value of the stock). Tesla is currently worth $ 789 B while VW is only 65 B, Tesla is valued at 80 times their profits, VW is valued at a way more reasonable 4 times their profits.
To justify the value of Tesla, it must increase profits by 20 times in about 5 years. Doubling profits every year for 5 years will "only" be 32x, so even doubling is not enough, and their own forecast is "only" 0,5x. Which although impressive, is "only" 7.6x over 5 years. Basically Tesla would need to eat all the growth of EV, and become a near monopoly. As I see it, it will be more likely the opposite that will happen. The competition will catch up and surpass Tesla, and gain market share against Tesla in the EV market. While the ICE market will dwindle.
All in all, I think Tesla will grow for a while yet, they may even become #1 although I doubt it. But they won't grow by nearly as much as is required for the current stock value to be reasonable.
It doesn't matter how many other cars VW sells in the future though which is what I'm trying to say about the 40mil comment.
If tesla makes a trillion dollars in profit in 2035, it doesn't matter if VW makes 2 trillion. Both companies will be worth vastly more, and both companies prices would sky rocket well before in anticipation of that happening.
And ya, these high numbers today were due to the high margins and growth. It makes less sense if you look at the next couple of years while we wait for Gen 3, as margins are down for everyone due to interest rates and we're between growth phases waiting on gen 3. But once we see Gen 3 that will paint a better picture on if Tesla can or can't meet future profit expectations.
Everything hinges on Gen 3 right now. Just like the old price everyone balked at when it was 1000:1 hinged on a successful Model 3.
Edit: and I just want to reiterate. Prices came down in the USA because of interest rates, not competition. Your monthly payment today is the same as when margins were super high. The money is just going to the banks now. They probably won't ever be as high again, but they will go back up.